Queen vs. PawnBy Bruce PandolfiniKing and queen against a lone king? No contest. With the move (it might be important to have the move to avoid stalemate), the force of king and queen wins hands down. But what if the inferior side has an extra pawn about to promote? Is it still a forced win? Well it often is, with some notable exceptions.Having the move, the queen can beat either a center pawn or a knight pawn usually without much trouble, even if the friendly king is a distance away. The winning idea is to give a series of checks, leading to the defending king's forced obstruction of its own pawn. That gives the attacker a tempo, which can be used to bring the friendly king a square closer. … [Read more...]
Let’s Get Critical
Let's Get Critical By Bruce Pandolfini Some say "key squares," others say "critical squares." You say "to-may-toe," I say "to-mah-toe," let's call the whole thing off. If we do, I have a feeling it won't impact George and Ira Gershwin very much, but it could give me an out. That way, I might be able to avoid doing this month's column. Only kidding. Okay, now that we've started with a bit of humor, we can actually talk about the ten examples that follow. They all reflect simple positions in which the black king has to get to a critical square in order to force a win. As with all critical square situations, the defending king in each of these positions doesn't have to occupy a critical … [Read more...]
The Opposition Strikes Again!
The Opposition Strikes Again! By Bruce Pandolfini "The opposition: what's that, the opponent?" How often I've heard students say something like that. Yet many experienced players use "the opposition" to mean something else. They use it to indicate a relationship between the two kings, especially in the endgame. If you "have the opposition," it's essentially the same thing as saying you have the advantage. For the most part, if on the same rank, file or diagonal, the kings "stand in opposition" if they (a) are on squares of the same color and (b) are separated by an odd number of squares. (This is not the place to bring up "the rectangular opposition," "the knight's jump opposition," or … [Read more...]
Exchange Power: Rooks Over Bishops
by Bruce Pandolfini If you trade pieces, you exchange pieces, with the word "exchange" being written in lower case. But if you gain a rook for a bishop (or for a knight), you win the Exchange, with a capital "E," as the great Burt Hochberg used to say to me upon editing my pieces, that is, the written kind of pieces. Now in the old days, at least at the Marshall Chess Club, to avoid upper and lower case confusion, chess players would also refer to winning or gaining the Exchange as winning or gaining quality, whenever they got ahead by a rook for a bishop or a rook for a knight. But let's jump to the present. In all ten problems offered this month, however it is phrased, you are presented … [Read more...]
Little King Moves
Let's talk about the king. It is supposed to be a weak piece. Actually, it can be a fairly strong piece, since it guards all the circumambient squares. On its inherent merits, a king is slightly stronger than either a bishop or knight, and slightly weaker than a rook. But it is always on the board, and in the endgame its use can be decisive. Many tactics truly depend on the active help of the friendly king. There can be mating nets, piece traps, and other nasty things once the attacking king gets going. Now the king's involvement does not have to be a big production. Sometimes it makes a small move, which translates to a big advantage. And that is the case here. For each of the problems in … [Read more...]